
Filing Basics
4 min read
- By Saumya Mishra
Every July, roughly 30 lakh Indians pay a late fee of INR 5,000 because they “did not get around to it”. The friction is not the filing - it is the anxiety. Opening the e-filing portal feels like opening a 300-question math paper. The truth: 90% of it is pre-filled. You just need to know what to check.
Four options cover almost everyone. ITR-1 is for salaried folks under INR 50L. ITR-2 adds capital gains or multiple houses. ITR-3 is for business/freelance. ITR-4 is for presumptive taxation (44AD / 44ADA). Use the selector below - it decides for you.
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Before opening the portal, collect: Form 16 from your employer, Form 26AS and AIS from the e-filing portal, bank statements showing interest income, PAN, Aadhaar, bank account details (for refund). If you invested, add broker statements or MF capital gains reports.
The portal walks you through salary, other income, deductions, and tax computation. Most of it is pre-filled from AIS and 26AS. Verify every number. When it all looks right, submit.
You have 30 days to e-verify
Forgot some income? File a revised return under Section 139(5) before the end of the assessment year. Missed the deadline entirely? File a belated return (with a late fee) before December 31. Missed that too? Updated return under Section 139(8A) is your last resort, available for 2 years with a higher penalty.
Refund timeline
Answer 4-5 yes/no questions to find your form
Do you run a business or earn freelance / professional income?
Is all your income from salary, one house, and bank interest only?
Is your total annual income less than INR 50 lakh?
Do you have capital gains from stocks, MFs, or property this year?
Do you own more than one house property?